Sachindra Nath Sanyal - Great Freedom Fighter [UPSC Notes]

Name – Sachindra Nath Sanyal

Date of Birth – 1893

Birth Place – Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh

Organizations Associated – Anushilan Samiti, Ghadar Party, Hindustan Socialist Republican Association

Father – Hari Nath Sanyal

Mother – Kherod Vasini Devi

Date of Death – 7th February 1942

Death Place – Gorakhpur, Haryana

Sachindra Nath Sanyal (1893 - 1942) was a prominent figure in the Indian freedom struggle. He was born in Banaras in modern-day Uttar Pradesh in 1893 AD. Hari Nath Sanyal was his father. Sachindra was very disappointed seeing the miserable condition of his fellow countrymen under oppressive British rule in India. Soon he got involved in anti-British activities with an objective to root out British rule in India at any cost. He founded a branch of ‘Anushilan Samiti’ in Patna in 1913. He also actively participated in the activities of the Ghadar Party. When the British government tried to crush the Ghadar movement, Sachindra Nath got underground but he was caught later and suffered a jail term. He was imprisoned in the Cellular Jail in the Andaman & Nicobar. In brief he adopted the freedom of India from the British as the only goal of life.

The sudden suspension of the non-cooperation movement and confusion on the anti-British front forced him to adopt an aggressive and violent course of action against British rule. As a revolutionary freedom fighter, Sachindra Nath Sanyal is best remembered as the founder of the Hindustan Republic Association (HRA), a great revolutionary outfit against British rule. Sachindra Nath and Ram Prasad Bismil and other revolutionaries founded the HRA in 1924 with the objective of uprooting the cruel British rule from India through violent action in a more organized manner. The Kakori case was the prime example of HRA’s anti-British actions. The Kakori case shook the roots of British rule. Sanyal was caught in this case and was given rigorous imprisonment for his leading role in the case. After many years of hardships in jail, he died in 1942 leaving his dream of India’s freedom unfinished but very close.

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● It was Sachindra Nath who wrote the manifesto of the HRA under the title of ‘The Revolutionary’.
● During his imprisonment at the Cellular jail, he wrote his book ‘Bandi Jeevan’ (A Life in Captivity).
● The HRA later became the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) having the same goal of India’s freedom from British rule.