Course: Compulsory English-II (1424)-solved assighnment

ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD

(Department of English Language & Applied Linguistics

Course: Compulsory English-II (1424)

Level: BA/BS    Semester: Autumn, 2018

Total Marks: 100    Pass Marks: 40

ASSIGNMENT No. 1

(Units 1–4)

Q.1    Change the following informal sentences into formal sentences. Unit 1 of your text-book gives you some traits of the formal and informal writing.    (15)

• Ajmal needs to think about his decision.
   Ajmal wants to think about his decision.
• Sana can get in touch with her mother if she likes. 
  Sana can get contact her mother if she likes.
• They cannot dare go against him.
  They cannot courage go against him.
• Oscar started freaking out about the test.
  Oscar became anxious out about the test.
• When the cops arrived, the crook ran outside.
  When the police arrived, the crook ran outside.
• He pointed out towards the car.
  He indicated out towards the car
• The soda bottle blew up like a bomb fixed in it.
  The soda bottle explodes like a bomb fixed in it.
• She found out the cause of her disease.
  She found out the reason of her disease.
• The song was awesome.
   The song was wonderful.
• We have set up our business in Malaysia.
  We have started our business in Malaysia.

Q.2     Define and exemplify the following types of writing.    (15)

• Expository
• Narrative
• Argumentative

  Expository

expository writing is about providing information to the reader particular topic or subject.The purpose of expository writing differ from creative persuasive writing.The purpose is merely to inform to provide information

Expository example

This morning at 9 am ,a school bus collided with a car at the intersection of heard street.There were no injuries but medical board checkes on each student. And the driver before those students were transported to their schools.The driver of the car sustained slight,non -life-threatening injuries.
He was transported to the local hospital.The accident is under investigation at this time.

Narrative

Narrative is writing that tells a story.It has a seuence of events.The plot Narratives also have characters and a setting,as well as a narrator or person from whose point of view the story is told.

Narrative Example

When your friend tells a story about seeing a deer on the way to school.He or she is using characteristics of a narrative.
Fairy tales are narratives.The plot typically begin with "once upon a time....." and end with "happy ever offer"

Argumentaive

In an argumentative essay,the writer is taking a position,or a side" related to a topic about which opinion could vary.The position of the writer is established in this statement.Then the essay present reasons ,evidence,and example that support the writer's position

Argumentative examples

1-Animals do not thrive long-term in captivity.ks should focu on housing animals that are too sick or injured to survive in the wild.
2-Places like zoos and animal -themed amusement par community.
3-Looks good on college application.
4-Animals do not thrive long term in captivity.

Q.3     In Unit 3 you have learnt about “Classification”. Classification is a technique in which a writer arranges or categorizes people, places, objects, and ideas into classes or groups. Given below is a list of nouns. Classify them as common, proper, abstract and collective nouns.     (05)

army	sugar	stars	moon	love	Ali	football	major	angry	chairs
cattle	mosque	students	phone	address	Peshawar	pen	water	pillow	mathematics

                   Common               Proper                Abstract         Collective
                    moon                      Ali                     Love                 Army
                    foot ball                  Peshawar          Angry              Sugar
                    major                 Mathematics                                    Stars
                    mosque                                                                     chairs
                    phone                                                                        cattle
                    pen                                                                        students
                     water
                    pillow

Q.4    Read the essay given below carefully and then answer

Humans, unlike many other animals, are omnivores. We require both vegetable matter and meat to be fully healthy (although some humans manage to survive reasonably healthily whilst consuming no animal products at all, finding their protein mainly in nuts and seeds). To carry out its many complicated functions, the human body requires different chemicals and substances. All of the nutrition we take in can be put in one of seven categories. These are; carbohydrates, proteins, fiber, minerals, vitamins, fats and water. Carbohydrates provide the body with energy. Proteins allow the body to repair itself and grow. Fiber aids the digestive system. Minerals and vitamins are required for many reasons. Deficiencies in any vitamin or mineral can lead to illnesses. Vitamins are essential for normal growth and development. Fats are often unnecessary, and many are bad for you. The body does not need to take in most fats, but the fatty acids omega-3 and omega-6 are necessary. The body is around 70% water. If water is not consumed, the body will dehydrate. The body loses water in excretion, sweating and breathing. It is advised that you should have a balanced diet, taking in food from each of the food groups, in proportion.

Questions:

1. What are omnivores?
   Ans:omnivores are those animals which need both meat and vegetables to be fully healthy.
2. What does a human body require to carry out its functions?
    Ans: The human body requires different chemicals and substances to carry out it's many complicated functions.
3. In how many categories can nutrition be divided into?
   Ans: All of the nutrition we take in can be put in one of seven categories.
4. What will happen if we don’t drink water?
   Ans: The body is around 70% water. If water is not consumed, the body will dehydrate.
5. What is the percentage of water in human body?

Ans:The body is around 70% water.

Q.6     In Unit 4 you have learnt about cause and effect writing. Complete the following sentences giving effects of every cause mentioned, using the words given in the table.            (10)

   

Thus

So

Therefore

As a result

Consequently

• They couldn’t stand her  therefore she went back.
• Faria worked hard on her home work   thus teacher happy with her.
• Lightning struck a tree consecuently a large area is affected.  
• She came home late  so that she was busy with her friends.
• We forgot to put gas in the car as a result we get late.  

   

Q.7    Write down two possible causes for each of the following effects. Follow the example. Read Unit 4 for further guidance.    (16)

    Example:    Effect:    He failed the exam. Why?

            Cause 1:    He was not feeling well during exam.

            Cause 2:    He didn’t study hard.

    i.   i-Roads are blocked. Why?

Due Due to heavy rainfall

Some one parked his car in centre of the road.

2. Number of children suffering from polio is decreasing. Why?
   Polio awareness has increased
   Polio teams are going to door to door to make sure children are getting polio drops.
3. He died last week. Why?
    He had a terrible accident.
   He was suffering from cancer.
4. His best friend left him. Why?
   He was showing great attitude to him.
   He was not sincere to him.
5. It is going to rain today. Why?
   Weather forecat indicates.
    It is thundring and lighting.
6. He has lose in business. Why?
   All because his carelessness.
   He don't know how to manage buisness.
7. Aisha failed the interview. Why?
   She was not prepared.
   She lose her confidence.
8. I broke my cell phone. Why?

              It was not working properly.
              It was already broken a little bit.

Q.8    Write a classification essay of around 200 words on any one of the following topics:        (14)

   

• Fruits and nutrition
• Study discipline
• Sea animals

                                                       Fruits and nutrition

Fruits are  gift to the human kind. They are life-enhancing medicines packed with vitamins, minerals,
and antioxidants. They are an absolute feast to our sight. They helps the human body be fit and free of diseases Fruits are low in calories and fat .
They are a source of simple sugars, fiber, and vitamins.These are essential for optimizing our health.These provide plenty of soluble dietary fiber. These  helps to ward off cholesterol and fats from the body .They help in smooth bowel movements as well as offer relief from constipation ailments.
 These compounds, firstlyhelp human body protected from oxidant stress. They assist the body in developing the capacity to fight against these ailments by boosting our immunity level. Many fruits have very high anti-oxidant values.Some compounds have potent antioxidant properties that help remove free radicals from the body.
 They provide protection against cancers, aging, and infections. Fruit’s health benefiting properties are because of their richness in vitamins, minerals and micro-nutrients. These compounds help the body prevent or at least prolong the natural changes of aging by protecting from damage the cells, tissues, and organs
.Their benefits are manifold.Fruit nutrition benefits are enormous. The inclusion of fruits in the daily diet help to protect from minor ailments like wrinkling of skin, hair fall, and memory loss. They help avert major diseases like age-related macular degeneration of the retina in the eyes, Alzheimer’s disease, colon cancers, weak bones.

Q.9    We are sure you have read how to skim a text in order toobtain the gist or general idea of the text.
 Read the text given below and answer the questions given at the end.            (10)

   

Most of the time, when we see a dog wagging its tail, it is friendly and wants to be petted. However, this is not always true. A wagging tail only shows us that the dog is excited, not that it is happy. A tail that is high like a flag and wagging means that the dog is showing you that is boss. You wouldn’t want to pet that dog. A dog that is holding its tail down low and moving it in short wags may be afraid. A scared dog might try to protect itself from danger and it might think that you are danger. It is best not to try to pet this dog either. A dog whose tail is about halfway up, and wagging, is a dog that may be okay to pet. Make sure you check with the owner first to see if it is okay.

    i.    What is the article about?

         The article is about dog tail wag that perhaps the most common misinterpretation of drags in the
        myth that a dog wagging its tail is happy and friendly.while some wags are indeed associated
       with happiness ,others can mean fear insecurity, a social challenge or even a warning that if you  
       approach ,you are apt lover or owner of a dog.

2. Who will be the possible readers of the article?
   The possible readers of the article is dog lover or owner of a dog.

     iii.    Write down the gist of the article in two lines. 
a. The most common misinterpretation of drags in the myth that a dog wagging its tail is happy
             and friendly.while some wags are indeed associated with happiness ,others can mean fear
              insecurity, a social challenge or even a warning that if you  approach,you are apt to be bitten.
             approach ,you are apt lover or owner of a dog.       
         iv.    Suggest a suitable title for the article.
Why do dogs wag their tails.

     v.    What message did you get from it?

              Dog wag mean maybe tear ,intsecurity , a social challenge or even a warning that if you
              approach ,you are apt to be bitten.
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